Wednesday, 8 February 2017

Tendency to desert Sundarban

Many have deserted Sundarban and moved to the towns / cities permanently. Many poor youths have left for other States in quest of employments. Many are still deserting Sundarban even today. 55% of the people have deserted the area and started settling down in Kolkata and suburbs permanently. The tendency to desert Sundarban is still continued. Agriculture and industry in the area have not developed. Tourism business has also not succeeded. 
Cultivation bu women 
 Heaven for woman smuggling: The smugglers have become active having taken
advantages of the poverty of people. Those who are left out here are moving into the jungle to catch the fishes – prawns – crabs for survival. 


They are losing their lives as easy preys of tigers. These habitants of the river-belt have been living a precarious life.

Women at Forest
Although the Central and the State Governments have been active to reconstruct the villages, the woes of the Sundarban habitants have not been over.

Women struggle
Rivers: Raymangal, Aadi Ganga, Harinbhanga, Goasaba, Matla, Bidyadhari, Jheela, Kartal, Thakuran, Saptamukhi, Mariganga, 

Creak of Sundarban
Gabtala, Mridangabhanga, Jagaddal, Ajmalmari, Dhulibhasani, Chulkati, Beledona, Peili river, Herobhanga, Moni River, Benipheli, Hooghly. 

Matla River at Canning
Plantations: Generally 25 types of Mangroves are found.

Mangrove Forest
Forest and wild animals: The Royal Bengal Tiger is famous. 

Jungal Cat
There are also in numerous sea-fishes, animals, 

Sea fish
local and tourist birds, butterflies, insects.

Fishing Cat

Sunday, 5 February 2017

Indian: Sundarban at a glance

 Area: At around the 1800 Century, the area of undivided Sundarban was 16,700 sq.mtrs. At present, it is reduced to 10,813 sq. mtrs.


After fixation of the boundaries of India and Bangladesh in the year 1947, out of the total area, 62 percent went to Bangladesh (Chandpai, Sharankhola, Khulna and Shatkhira) and the remaining 38 percent is added to India (Namkhana and Bashirhat Range). 


At that time, Shridhar Chakraborty (1896) was appointed as the first Forest Officer of India. 



At present the forest coverage of Indian Sundarban is 4,726 sq.kms. Out of it, 55% is Sanctuary.


Sanctuary: For conservation of the forest and the forest animals, four sanctuaries have been formed. 

Netidhopani Tourist Spot
They are:  Sundarban National Park, Sajnekhali Sanctuary, Lothiyan Dweep and Holiday Deep Sanctuary.

Dobanki Tourist Spot
Administrative Work: For administration of the forest, it has been divided into Tiger Project and South 24 Parganas Forest Department. 

Deer are Waiting
HumanPopulation: Human settlements used to be and scattered in Sundarban since prior to the Mughal era. This forest region was devasted due to natural calamities and frequent attacks by the ‘Mag’and Portugueses.

 Human settlements started building up afresh after the Britishers arrived. There are many evidences of the same from the remains of devastations recovered from various parts of Bakhargunj, Khulna and Southern parts of the two 24 Parganas.  


Around the year 200 B.C., there used to happen arrivals of many human groups. The religion of Buddhism had basic propagation here since the 600 Century BC. Since the Sen dynastic period only, due to huge pressures from one tribe of this community, various communities were originated.
Durga Puja
The area is the habitat of people of communities like Paundra, Kshatriya, Hindu, Muslim, Christian, Munda, Santal, Oraon, Das, Devdasi. In the 1800 Century, Mundas were brought for labour work and occupying the forest from Ranchi, Singbhum, Manbhum, Palamon, Chhapra, Hazaribaug to Sundarban and retained as slaves. Most of the Mag water-plunderers were

Living God
Buddhists. Before departing from Sundarban, many Mag-families concealed themselves in Sagardweep, Canning, Magrahat, Joynagar and surrounding areas. They are still left there. Paundra community people were mostly Buddhists. Buddha Purnima or (Baisthakhi Purnima) is celebrated even today with respect and holiness on 4th May (21st Baikshakh).

Total islands: 10237 lacs 57 thousand 356 people reside in
54 islands (19 blocks). [As per the 2011 census of the Central Government].
At present more than 50 lacs people reside at Sagardwep (largest
population). Nine Gram Panchayat has a population of 1,33,365 people.



Mangrove forest and forest animals are located in 48 islands. Patharprotima block has the maximum islands. There are 13 islands there.
Hamilton Bungle at Gosaba
There are 9 islands in Gosaba, 
5 in Namkhana, 
6 in Sandeshkhali and
5 in Haroya block.

Birth rate:  933 girl children are born per each 1000 male members (As per the 2009 census).

Tribal Population
Castes: Scheduled castes – 65%,
Tribes: Scheduled Tribes – 38%
(Paundra, Kshatriya, Devdasi, Das, Munda, Oraon).

Women Farmar
Occupation: Agriculture, fish-farming, plucking honey from the forest, hunting of fishes and crabs from the rivers (are exported outside the 
country).
Men Farmar
Division of the district: 24 Parganas have so far been divided 3 times. In 1814, 1834 and 1986 (1st March).

Transport of Sundarban
Blocks: Sundarban is made up of 19 blocks of North and South – two Twenty Four Parganas. Most of these areas are forests (There are 6 blocks in
Rain in Sundarban
North 24 Parganas) – They are – Hingalgung, Sandeshkhali – 1 and 2, Hadoya, Minakhan and Hasnabad. All are populated areas. There is no forest here (There are 13 blocks in
Taki Tourist Spot (Basirhat)
South 24 Parganas) – 
They are – Canning – 1 & 2, 
Basanti,
Gosaba, 
Joynagar 1 & 2, 
Kultali,
Mathurapur – 1 & 2, 
Kakdweep, 
Namkhana, 
Patharpratima and 
Sagardeep.




Wednesday, 11 January 2017

Darjeeling Tourism

What to expect about Darjeeling attractions what to expect :
So fancying a trip to Darjeeling? You must be lured by the dazzling snow peaks of Kanchenjunga overlooking the hill town? And the beautiful tea gardens on the slopes of rolling hills, the orchids, pines & rhododendrons, the cute Himalayan toy train whistling its way through the mountains? And you want to combine all that with great sightseeing tours, food, shopping and other exciting activities. Right? 


Yes, it's all possible in Darjeeling, a gem of a place known for its youthful vibe combined with modern as well as colonial charm. Excited? But perfectly planning & designing a tour here in the hills is tricky. 

I have been exploring Darjeeling for decades, initially as a vacationer and then as a travel writer. Over time I have looked into many aspects of Darjeeling at great depths and can perhaps claim that I know almost every nook & corner of the hills and a lot about its life, people & culture. 

This website is all about sharing those findings and experiences so that you can yourself easily design a great vacation in Darjeeling hills & Sikkim, and book hotels, sightseeing tours & activities. It not only helps cutting out unnecessary costs, you can shape it exactly the way you want. 

Kanchenjunga From Darjeeling  
Just to give you a head start about the place, Darjeeling hill town is located at an altitude of 6,710ft in north east India and is part of the state of West Bengal. The nearest airport is Bagdogra and the nearest major railway junction is New Jalpaiguri (NJP). 
It takes about 3 hours to reach Darjeeling from both these locations by car. Private taxis (available at NJP and Bagdogra), shared taxis (available at NJP) and bus (from Siliguri bus stand, only 8kms from NJP) are the main public transports to reach Darjeeling from NJP station or Bagdogra airport. 

Alternatively, you can take the fascinating toy train from NJP or Siliguri all the way up to Darjeeling soaking in the Himalayan beauty over some 7 hours.
NOTE: Only private taxis are available at Bagdogra airport, no bus service, shared taxis or toy train. Unlike in Gangtok, there is no helicopter service from Bagdogra to Darjeeling. You need to go by road and negotiate steep & winding mountain roads. 

Hill Cart Road - Approaching Darjeeling 
Although the area of Darjeeling hill town itself is small (about 10 square kilometers), Darjeeling is also a district and spans over a large area of about 3,108 square kilometers. The district has subdivisions like Kalimpong, Kurseong, Siliguri etc. So there are many lovely places to visit in Darjeeling hills and around. 

Update: As announced by Chief Minister of West Bengal on September 22, 2016 Kalimpong is now a separate district of West Bengal and is no longer a subdivision of Darjeeling district. 

Within Darjeeling town area, you can walk to visit several tourist attractions. Plenty of taxis (which are private commercial vehicles of various types - small & large) are available at the stands. They offer both local sightseeing tours as well as point-to-point transfers. You can also get shared taxis (mainly Jeep type vehicles) at the stands, but they are mostly available for transfers and seldom for tours. 

Gangtok (the Capital of the state of Sikkim) is only 4 hours drive from Darjeeling making it another great destination to combine with Darjeeling. 

Darjeeling hill town was originally set up as a sanitarium or health resort by the British in mid 1800s. But over the years, it earned its name for its world famous aromatic tea and then with opening up of roads and Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, for tourism. 

You will see numerous sprawling tea estates in Darjeeling that produce world's best tea, as well as the amazing narrow gauge Toy Train - an engineering marvel which could overcome the steep gradients and curves of the mountains and provided a scenic railway transportation in the hills. 

Residents are mostly immigrant Nepalese (predominantly Gurkhas), Tibetans, as well as some Lepchas and Bhutias from Sikkim. Nepalese are mostly Hindus while Tibetans follow Buddhism. When you compare them with the people of lower plains, they are quite different both in looks and culture. It's an amazing world out there. But they are warm and tourist friendly. 

Darjeeling town from a distance 
Over the past few decades Darjeeling lacked proper developmental support and had seen random and thoughtless constructions & overcrowding which it hardly deserved. Despite that the charming, sincere and friendly people of the place have continued to strive hard and successfully preserved pride of 'Queen of the Hills' as one of the best places for tourism even today. 

The town center of Darjeeling is known as Mall or Chowrasta, which is a flat open public square, a pedestrian only zone free of vehicular traffic and surrounded by colorful stores with backdrop of mountains and valleys. Mall or Chowrasta is the town square. 

Most tourists try to stay near the Mall area to be close to hub of all activities, restaurants and shops. So due to high demand, numerous hotels of all types have mushroomed near the Mall area. Alternatively you can stay a bit away, enjoy nature & views, and a location relatively free of crowd. 

During spring, summer and autumn, the weather in Darjeeling is pleasantly cool and perfect for city dwellers who flock in volumes during such time. Many come to enjoy the rains in monsoon and chill in the winter as well. And when such visits are combined with wonderful views of snow peaks and valleys, tea gardens, forests & flowering plantations, amazing sightseeing tours & activities, great food & stays, and all at affordable prices .... won't you love a vacation like that? 

There are much more to Darjeeling than just a few days of fun and frolic. Won't you like to know why the name Darjeeling in the first place? It's location, how the area is laid out & its altitude, about its rich colonial history, how a land that once had only 10 people living in it became a world known vacation destination? And what about the people of the area, where did they come from, their religion, culture and language? How about the flora and fauna in the region? A little knowledge of all this will add a special flavor to your visit to this wonderland. Visit Darjeeling Hills to know about them all. 

Attractions & Tourism Info - Darjeeling 
So ready to further explore Darjeeling tourism and all its treasures? Before you dive deeper, I would like to share some good news with you.... 

In order to facilitate self designed and budget friendly vacation, I have brought together many small & large hotels, restaurants, shops, tour & adventure operators and even transporters who are among the best. And they all offer great discounts if you have a Darjeeling Tourism Card which you can get at a nominal price. So apart from shaping your own vacation, you & your family can now avail great discounts almost at every step when you use the card. 
  
Great Attractions & Places to Visit :
There are countless tourist places here including great viewpoints offering magnificent views of Kanchenjunga snow peaks, Buddhist monasteries, historical churches, temples, rolling tea estates on mountain slopes, museums, art galleries, parks & gardens, waterfalls, cable car ride offering you stunning views of the mountain landscapes and tea gardens below, and more. 

Great Tours & Sightseeing 
You will need to take a private or a shared vehicle or in some cases a walking tour to visit some of the great tourist places I mentioned above. While most tourists go for the 3-Point, 7-point or Mixed-Point sightseeing tours offered by the local taxi drivers and tour operators, there are some great tours and hikes like heritage tours, tea garden walks, village tours and others that are hardly known to tourists.  

Day trips to places like Mirik, Kalimpong and even Lamahatta and Mongpu will keep you engrossed in marvelous scenic views & sights. You can even make a Jeep safari to Singalila (high altitude national park) and beyond to Sandakphu, a place known for offering one of the best views of four of the world's highest five peaks, all in one stretch of snow. You will find them all in the link above. 

Guide to Darjeeling Hotels: 
I have tried out many hotels and lodgings over the years to get different flavors of our stays. You will get all sorts of accommodations in Darjeeling including budget, mid priced and even luxury hotels & resorts. This guide will first tell you about the overall hotels scenario in Darjeeling, what to and not to expect, and then take you through a list of accommodations on different categories. You will find links that will provide detailed reviews and insights into the hotels along with pictures. 

Darjeeling Restaurants Guide: 
When it comes to food, Darjeeling can offer great many options. Starting from Thai and Tibetan cuisine, to Indian, Chinese, Continental and Nepali dishes. There are real good food for all. Some of my favorites include the Nepali thali, Tibetan wanton soup also known as momos in soup, and a Naga dish that is prepared with dried bamboo shoots with meat. While there are food of all types, there are also wide price ranges that would suit all. In fact, there are some tin shack eateries that are really great and offer excellent food at very affordable prices. They have remained favorites to many returning tourists. 


Shopping 
Starting from handmade crafts & jewelry to many different types of curios, woolen clothes, jackets and kashminas, Darjeeling can be a shoppers paradise. There are some shops that are known for collections of some of the greatest pictures of Darjeeling's life and landscapes. And what about taking back home the "Champaign of Tea" from the place where it is produced? During the peak season, most of the shops in Darjeeling remain open until 8pm. 

Nightlife, Bars & Pubs 
The fun and entertainment in this mesmerizing hill town can continue through the evening if you have the will to pursue. There are some great pubs and bars in Darjeeling where many locals and tourists gather in the late evenings. Some of the pub owners are now my great friends. 

Darjeeling Himalayan Railway Toy Train 
The Toy Train as it is fondly called, has been the romantic heart of Darjeeling that has touched everybody who has been to this hill paradise. It was introduced in 1881 by the British connecting Siliguri with Darjeeling with a narrow gauge line. It helped cut down the enormous time it took to transport passengers by bullock cart and horse carriages along the Hill Cart Road. It also allowed the less affluent Europeans living at the lower plains to visit the health resort. 

Bhutia Busty Monastery
If you love to trek and enjoy the nature, don't miss out on one of the many unbelievable treks in Darjeeling hills. There are routes offering stunning views of the mountains, forests and wildlife. There can be light treks over few days with 4-5 hours of walk a day that even casual walkers can undertake, or heavier treks for several days over mountain landscapes that offer fabulous experience. 

Where else in the world can you get a vista of four out of five highest peaks of the world in one stretch of snow, or get to see exotic rare animals like Red Panda, or view flowering plants like rhododendrons, magnolia, carpets of primula and over 600 varieties of orchids? I have been to such fascinating treks and shared my experience in the link above.  

Darjeeling Weather & Climate 
When should you visit Darjeeling? Depends on what and how you want to enjoy. Most visitors target the view of Kanchenjunga in a temperate weather. Many others like to feel the winter in the hills and the occasional snow. Others love even the monsoon and play of the mist. 

And there are some who just want to experience the mountains and villages when there are no tourists, when Darjeeling is at its serene best. This section will guide you through the weather conditions in Darjeeling in different seasons, and let you know what can you expect and what you can't. 

Darjeeling Map 
If you plan to explore Darjeeling and want to know where is what, you need a good map. Unfortunately there aren't many good maps of Darjeeling available, because in mountainous terrain where places are located at different altitudes, it's not easy to draw up 2-dimensional maps. But I could finally solve the puzzle. Here is a map that I use extensively to uncover all the treasures in the hills. 

Darjeeling Tea 
No discussion of Darjeeling is complete without a discussion on its Tea. After all this is what had originally placed Darjeeling into the world map. During my numerous trips, I have been to many tea gardens and estates in Darjeeling, seen the tea production processes, and had tasted tea at their outlets. 

Depending on the quality, Darjeeling Tea can range from Rs. 700/- a kg for regular black tea to well over 50,000/- a kg for white organic tea. I've been lucky to have seen even samples that broke the world record in tea pricing during a tea auction. 

What next? 
And after you have explored this website and grabbed all my findings and experiences, I would like to say one thing though... wherever you are in the world, do pursue a visit to Darjeeling. It has all the greatest ingredients to make a perfect vacation. You will come back again. I have been coming back repeatedly since my childhood. 


Origin of Sundarban



Sundarban was created after a natural calamity about two thousand years ago in the medieval age (in the 1500 Century) as claimed by the experts. Once this area was in the crest of the ocean. It emerged after the earthquake. In the past also, there were human
population in the forest of Sundarban and its surrounding areas. 



From the archeological remains recovered from various areas of the two 24 Parganas and Bangladesh, there have been clues of Jain and Buddhist temples, Buddhist coins, abandoned Maths (Monasteries), Stupas. Also found out are the testimonies of Kushan, Pal, Sen, Gupta, Shunga,Maurya periods. 




It was ruled by Bijoy Sen, Lakshman Sen, the Pathans and the Mughals, the Barobhuinyas and the British. Subsequently, the Portuguese (1628 – 1633) and the ‘Mag’ (1718 – 1800),
sea-dacoits during the period of Shayestakhan, Subedar of Emperor Akbar, oppressed these forest habitants.



Due to their endless oppressions, Sundarban was left almost without human population. This human settlement came to be devastated due to natural disaster.












Subsequently, with the beginning of the British rule in Sundarban (1757), human population started again building up there. Initially, there was no boundary of Sundarban. 




Subsequently, the Britishers cleared the forests and made the land cultivable and leased it out to the local Zamindars. In the year 1657, Shah Sujah brought this forest region under the Government for collection of revenues from there. William Dampeare and Le Hodges and the then Judge and Collector of Jessore, 



Tillman Henkel took initiatives to have surveyed the land of Sundarban and fixed its boundary (1830 – 1883). The map was prepared in 1764. After the land was leased out, for protection of the remaining forest, Forest Department was formed.


Sundarban was declared as protected Area in the year 1878. The first Forest Officer was M.U. Green (From May, 1884 to May, 12 1946). The Head Office was at Khulna of Bangladesh.

Sunday, 14 June 2015

Best Season / Best time to visit Sundarbans



The climate of Sundarbans is hot during summers and pleasant during winters. It is best to visit Sundarbans during September-March. 







 Winters (November to February) are really pleasant with atmospheric temperature goes down up to 10°C and not crossing a higher temperature of 34°C. It is really a good time for sightseeing and visiting wild life sanctuary.




 Summers (March to May) have hot atmosphere and maximum mercury level can soar up to 42°C. March is ideal for jungle activities and wildlife visits, while April and May has hot weather which makes it difficult for tourism. 





 Monsoons (June to September) months offer heavy monsoon rainfalls. 
It is not a good time for visiting wild life sanctuary but the green environs of the place is worth seeing. The major attractions of Sundarbans are the wildlife.



 The honey collection season falls on the summers. October and November offers pleasant weather which makes it perfect for wildlife activities. Rainfall in Sundarbans is quite heavy and it may not be a good time for wildlife trips but the scenic environs can be enjoyed.